sábado, 28 de julio de 2007

Orígen del perro

A todos nos une la pasión y amor por los perros, pero aparte de las características de nuestras propias mascotas, el conocimiento de algunas razas además de perros mestizos y el que deciendan del lobo ... ¿qué más sabemos? ¿efectivamente deciende del lobo?


Hacia el final del período terciario (hace 40 millones de años)
aparece una de las primeras familias de carnívoros: los Miacidae
(en la foto). Esta familia es común a 3 grupos de animales:
1) los Fissipeda (perros, osos, mapaches y hurones).
2) los Feloidea (gatos, tigres, leones, panteras, etc).
3) los Pinnipeda (focas, leones marinos).



Pero la gran incógnita es: ¿cuándo, en qué momento aparece nuestro perro (Canis Familiaris)? Existen distintas teorías, que desciende del lobo (la más difundida), otra opción es el chacal y una 3º es el zorro (ya casi descartada), no obstante son todas especulativas. Sin embargo, no se puede olvidar lo siguiente, la mayoría de los canidos (perros, coyotes, chacales, lobos, etc.) son especies genéticamente compatibles, esto significa que pueden cruzarse y generar descendencia fértil.
Teniendo todo esto en cuenta se ha formado una tendencia nueva sobre el orígen del perro y que se basa en: la gente de distintos lugares, domesticó a distintos cánidos, es decir con el que vivían más cerca, por ejemplo, los grupos humanos que vivían en los países nórdicos de Europa habrían domesticado a los lobos más dóciles, aquí se hablaría del origen de los perros spitz (perros de tiro, Siberiano Husky, Alaskan Malamute, Samoyedo, etc). El resultado de las distintas migraciones de las personas, con sus perros, derivó en muchas cruzas que a trávés de los años nos llevó a la situación actual.
Como dije antes; no existe claridad sobre el orígen. Asimismo, no existe claridad sobre si fue primero el perro el que se acercó al hombre, o si fue al revés. Actualmente la teoría más aceptada es que fue una mezcla de ambas situaciones, es decir al hombre le era de utilidad el perro para que protegera su rebaño o familia y el perro se libraría del trabajo de buscar comida y techo ya que se la proporcionaba el hombre (simbiosis: es decir ambos ganan).
Esta imágen corresponde a un reportaje de la revista National Geographic llamada "from wolf to woof", traducido al español no tiene mucho sentido: "del lobo al woof" (woof es el sonido del ladrido). Si tienen la oportunidad de leerlo háganlo, no se arrepentiran, es sumamente intereante.


15 comentarios:

Caro Galvez dijo...

En un libro que me compre hace poco hablan sobre un experimento con zorros(referente a la teoria de:de donde vienen los perros)Los resultados de ese experimento, despues de varias generaciones de cruza, dieron resultados sorprendentes: zorros casi perros en todo sentido. El libro se llama Escuchar a los animales. es exelente.

Cristián Villar Ríos dijo...

Muchas gracias por la recomendación, lo buscaré. Eso apoya de gran forma la teoría de que existen distintos orígenes, no sólo del lobo.

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